(5月18日)物理系特邀学术报告:Thin Film and Multilayers, Basic
来源:物理系
时间:2009-05-14 浏览:
一、 报告题目:Thin Film and Multilayers, Basic Science and X-Ray Optics
二、 报 告 人:Dr. Chian Liu
三、 单 位:X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory,Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
四、 报告时间:2009年5月18日(星期一)上午10:00
五、 报告地点:物理系512学术会议室
Abstract
From iPod to cell phones, thin film and multilayers have entered the daily life of ordinary people. We are all aware that the 2007 Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg for their breakthrough in this field. I had the privilege of working in the same field. I had further developed a surface magneto-optic Kerr effect instrument that Grünberg helped to build when he was visiting Argonne for one and half years from 1984 to 1985. The instrument had the ability to detect the magnetic property in-situ in ultrahigh vacuum of ultrathin-film samples grown with molecular beam epitaxy. We were among the first to show a ferromagnetic order at mono-atomic-layer level for a Fe/Pd(100) system. Blessed by a strong ferromagnetic signal, I was able to detect a magnetic phase transition and a power-law critical behavior with an exponent of 0.127 ± 0.004. This number is unbelievably close to 1/8, which was predicted by many Nobel laureates for 2D systems but not convincingly confirmed at that time.
Thin films and multilayers are also widely used in x-ray optics. In this talk I will introduce our two technically important innovations: profile coating and multilayer Laue lens (MLL). Profile coating is a technique used in DC magnetron sputtering to produce a desired surface profile. During deposition the substrate is passed over a contoured mask at a constant speed. The shape of the contour depends on the desired profile and the thickness distribution directly above the sputter gun at the substrate level. Profile coating has been successfully applied to produce elliptical Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors using both cylindrical and flat Si substrates. It has also been used to make tunable x-ray multilayer double monochromators and laterally graded multilayers for x-ray fluorescence detection. An MLL is an X-ray focusing optic fabricated from a depth-graded multilayer structure consisting of thousands of layers of two different materials with sufficient optical contrast. The sequence of layer thicknesses is controlled to satisfy the Fresnel zone plate law, and the multilayer is sectioned and polished to form the optic. We have produced MLL wafers up to 5166 layers of WSi2 and Si and a 50 µm total thickness. The technique significance as well as fabrication challenges will be discussed.
Biography
Dr. Chian Liu is a physicist at Argonne National Laboratory, currently in charge of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Deposition Lab. He graduated from Wuhan University in 1969 and worked there for over 11 years as a researcher and a lecturer. He was in charge of a semiconductor assemble line of a university-run factory for three years and contributed to the success of the first Chinese satellite by providing high frequency transistors. He received his PhD in physics from Simon Fraser University in 1986. He was a research associate at Rice University after receiving his PhD. He joined Argonne’s Material Science Division in 1987. There he developed a setup to measure both the polar and longitudinal magneto-optical Kerr effects of epitaxial Fe ultrathin films in ultrahigh vacuum. Using this setup, he discovered monolayer ferromagnetism, surface magnetic anisotropy, thickness dependence of Currie temperatures, and confirmed convincingly the long-predicted but experimentally hard-to-prove two-dimensional critical behavior. He jointed and stayed at the APS since 1993. There he developed a profile-coating technique to alter the sample surface profile through coating. He invented multilayer Laue lens wafers and received an R & D 100 award for the achievement. His current research interests include thin film and multilayers, x-ray optics, and functional coatings.